The words “translation” and “interpretation (interpreting)” are often used interchangeably, but they are different.

In short: translation focuses on written content, and takes some time to produce. Interpretation focuses on spoken or signed content, to facilitate communication in real-time.

Translators and interpreters require slightly different skills. Translation requires attention to detail and commitment to conveying the contents accurately. On the other hand, interpreting requires situational awareness, as well as hearing and vocal health.

In simultaneous interpreting, interpreter listen to what the speaker is saying while relaying the contents in another language with a few seconds’ delay.

Simultaneous interpreting is best for:

• Situations with 1-2 speakers

• Situations where one language is spoken most or all of the time

• Situations where people have access to their own listening devices (laptop or phone, and earbuds)

• Timebound meetings

Due to human constraints, even the best interpreters cannot relay 100% of the information accurately while listening and speaking at the same time. If you need higher accuracy, consider consecutive interpreting.

In consecutive interpreting, an interpreter first listens to what the speaker is saying, and then conveys the message in another language at a pause.

Consecutive interpreting is best for:

• Conversational format

• Meetings where high accuracy is required (legal, sensitive, etc.)

• Technical constraints (only one mic/speaker available, etc.)

RSI is a form of simultaneous interpreting that occurs on virtual platforms.

Some methods used include:

• Interpreting-specific platforms, such as KUDO, Interprefy, etc.

• Meeting platforms with simultaneous interpreting features, such as Zoom, Microsoft Teams, and WebEx

• Setting up two lines, where the meeting occurs in the “main line” and interpreting occurs in the “back channel” that people may listen to

When choosing a linguist, it’s important to know the candidate’s strengths and backgrounds in different subjects.

In Japanese-English language pair, some of the most common specialties are:

• Manufacturing / Automotive

• Pharmaceutical

• Community Interpreting (supporting Japanese expats assigned to locations in the US)

• IT / Technology

• Investor Relations

In addition, some linguists may be more comfortable with translation vs. interpretation, consecutive vs. simultaneous, on-site vs. remote. Please feel free to ask!